We take our noise measurements with the sound meter positioned 1 foot from the graphics card. I measured the noise floor to be 32 dBA, thus anything above this level can be attributed to the graphics cards. The power supply is passive for the entire power output range we tested all graphics cards in, while all CPU and system fans were disabled. A reading under load comes from running A Plague Tale: Requiem for 30 minutes.
Despite running at very reasonable temperatures, the 5090 Founders Edition does not compromise on noise levels either. I mean, it's not silent by any means, hitting 39dBa on the sound meter, and that was with fan speed reported at 46%, or 1585rpm. Again though, for a dual-slot card that draws 575W of power (!) I think this is very impressive indeed.
The only snag is I did hear some coil while during my testing. It wasn't awful and was most obvious at lower resolutions or during loading screens, but I've included a soundtest in the video.